List of Abstracts 2015: POSTER SESSION (A - D)
Date: November 5, 2015
The paper describes the application of SMED methodology in a chosen enterprise dealing with production of deep drawn steel parts for automotive industry. Acronym SMED stands for "Single Minute Exchange of Die". The main goal of SMED methodology is to reduce the time needed for tool exchange and adjustment. Radical shortening of these times, for instance from several hours to a few minutes, is achieved progressively by changes in the tool exchange organization, standardization of the tool exchange procedures, staff training, special aids and technical modifications of the tool or the press machine. The aim is to move as many internal activities as possible into external. The internal activities are those that are done during machine shutdown, the external activities are done while the machine is running. The goal of this paper is to describe the process of SMED methodology application within the production of deep drawn parts for automotive industry. The instrument used to achieve the intended aim is detailed analysis of above defined sequence of SMED system steps.
Belt conveyors are used in numerous in-house logistics systems. It is necessary to know properties of these conveyor belts for their effective operation. This work is focused on research of forces applied in conveyor belt at contacts with rollers and reversing drum according to the different material properties of conveyor belt. For this purpose it was created simulation by Abaqus computational model. Effects of the material properties on the forces in the longitudinal and transverse directions were studied by this model. In the model there were observed correlation between material properties of the conveyor belt and its tension-strain states in place of the first and second roller stool, at the site of reverse drum and places of troughing transformation of conveyor belt.
Inventories are a factor that significantly affects competitiveness of any manufacturing enterprise.
Manufacturing companies should protect inventories against unexpected fluctuations in their consumption and deliveries and thus promote the continuous nature of the production process. Inventories, however, are also naturally associated with the costs required for their maintenance. It is therefore crucial to precisely evaluate the previous consumption and properly adjust the amount of safety supplies. A very useful tool for statistical analysis of data seems to be the method of measuring the variability of consumption. This method allows us to assess the intensity of fluctuations in consumption very easily. The respective conclusions can then be used for estimating the future consumption as well as for setting the amounts of safety inventory levels. The paper analyzes the use of this tool in the field of inventory management in industrial plants.
The loyalty of customers in the current market environment is vital for businesses. Loyalty is enhanced by all activities and tools that increase the size of the customer perceived value, making customers interested in closer cooperation and strengthening their emotional ties to the company. In terms of manufacturing companies, it is important to choose appropriate tools depending on whether they are to strengthen the loyalty of direct customers (other manufacturers, distribution intermediaries) or end customers. The literature, however, deals primarily with sales support tools, other tools and methods of their use are dealt with to a lesser extent. It is also usually focused on building the loyalty of end consumers without being concerned with tools for enhancing the loyalty of direct customers. It is minimally dealt with how to develop cooperation in the context of multiple entities (in a chain/value network or part of it) so as to strengthen the loyalty of end customers, which is the foundation of prosperity of the network links and that of the network as a whole.
The aim of the article is therefore to:
a) in two enterprises producing food products, map tools for building loyalty, applied in relation to distribution connecting links to and end consumers (by cooperation with distribution members).
b) carry out an assessment of the results of primary research and suggest how to improve the process of building loyalty, both in relation to end customers and direct customers.
It is now quite clear that successful are those businesses that deepen cooperation with their suppliers and customers. The closer cooperation can be established in the supply chain, the greater the opportunity to apply modern management technologies in the supply chain, such as VMI, CRP, Quick Response, ECR, CPFR methods. The method of implementing these methods and the resulting form of cooperation depends on the willingness of individual links to engage in the cooperation, on the shape of relationships prevailing between individual links of the supply chain as well as on the specifics of the products passing through the chain. In chains, whose articles progressively add value to customers consuming fish, there are significant specifics due in particular to the very short shelf life of the products produced. The article publishes results of a primary qualitative research, whose main objective was to identify and evaluate the collaboration system of a company producing fish and fish products with its suppliers. It describes the mechanisms of cooperation with major suppliers who supply both freshwater and saltwater fish for processing in the enterprise as well as the mechanisms of cooperation with suppliers who supply auxiliary materials for the manufacture of the food products. Subsequently, an assessment is carried out of opportunities for the company to improve cooperation based on the methods described above and a suggestion made for measures necessary for the successful implementation of the methods that respect the specificities of the supply chain.
Provision of power safety is one (next to growth of competitiveness and power efficiency of economy and reduction of power industry impact on the environment) of the main goals and priorities of Polish power policy until 2050. It level depends on many factors among which electrical energy supplies safety is very important. To high extent, it does and will depend on business models of power companies operating on even more competitive energy market. Electrical energy supplies safety is found to be one of value components created by power company business model. Purpose of the paper was the evaluation of business models in the aspect of their ability to contribute to power safety. Subject of the research is structures of power companies business models and the results they attain, in particular related to electrical energy supplies safety. It also shows the directions of strategic operations for its improvement. The research was performed in four Polish power corporations owing over 90% of share in the electrical energy supplies in Poland.
Projects implemented in the area of logistics are more and more often distinguished within the activity of modern enterprises and supply chains. They represent the practical aspect of solutions that should be implemented to avoid or mitigate problems connected with the flow of materials, knowledge, information and finances.
The project approach in logistics is becoming more and more important in recent days. However, planning and implementing a logistic project of any type entails some degree of risk. Taking decisions in the area of the selection of a logistic project requires ability to predict future actions, as focus on the future makes risk and uncertainty an important problem in decision-making.
A significant level of risk is one of the main characteristics of logistic projects, which means that too many undesired factors may impact the implementation of a given logistic project. A relatively high risk occurs in logistic processes, which are characterised with a high level of innovativeness and uniqueness. However, practically all decisions entail certain consequences for the activities and results of a logistic project.
For a logistic project to be successful it is necessary to be able to control risky events - threats and conditions of action, which may have a negative impact on the objectives of a logistic project. The implementation of a logistic project may fail due to a range of threats, therefore identification of such threats and implementation of a process of their management is a key element of risk management in a logistic project. The main objective is thus to evaluate the risk of a logistic project to measure the impact of identified threats connected with the implementation of the project. Risk management in the aspect of logistic projects basically refers to the process of prioritisation of identified risks and is aimed at their further analysis, evaluation and aggregation as well as determining the probability of the possibility of their occurrence.
The article is a synthesis of knowledge about the reverse logistics, which became, with the growing trend of consumerist society, an important source of raw materials and the urgent need to protect the environment. The content is focused on the reverse logistics, its issues, options, and other aspects of the utilization of the management processes. This is a summary of the theoretical knowledge in the field of products return, their further use, both directly and indirectly to the production, such as knowledge for research and development and marketing utilization, for instance communication with a customer. Application of benchmarking, analysis of existing research, using the deduction is looking for a generalization of the options to improve the reverse logistics and its non-legislative support for a continuation of the rising trend in the popularity of companies that reverse logistics support in their companies. On the basis of practical research issues focused on the electronic and electrical waste compares economic evaluation of various methods and technologies of waste disposal in response to a valid Czech legislation and the EU legislation. It describes the economic results of the reverse logistics of using technologies such as: dismantling, mechanical, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and electrochemical for reverse logistics for mobile phones and computers in the restricted primary sources.
The paper analyses the European transport policy in relation to issues of urban mobility. Those activities were emphasized that are focused on urban mobility planning, which is reflected by the Urban Mobility Package that was developed by the European Commission. Attention was drawn to the fact that in its activities, the Commission has been promoting the concept of sustainable urban mobility planning for several years now. Referring the concept of urban mobility to the theory of sustainable development implies undertaking activities aimed at the formation of mobility in social, environmental and economic aspects. Owing to the multidimensional nature of the issue of mobility, it was possible to define the urban mobility system, whose elements were linked with the activeness of city users, a demand for travels and transport supply. The present article contains a mathematical description of the model of the system. The components of the model were characterized.
The success in production sphere lies in the art of the “right product” production, in right quantities, in right time, in good quality and for the price which is acceptable for the customer. The ability of the company to react flexible to the requirements of the market is one of its competitive advantages. If such a company has the capacities already planned it is often necessary to change the plans and partially re-organize the production because of a new order or the necessity to finish one product before another. First it is necessary to take into account the capacity of the company in the dependence of machine number, the number of workers and the number of working shifts in production process. On the other side it is necessary to make decisions based on costs. It is expectable that the company will react flexible to the requirements of customers and adapt the production. At the same time the company has to change its production plan not only according to these requirements but also according to economical difficulty minimization. One of the main tasks of the flexible planning is the detection of wrong decisions in the process of production plan creation. The production plan process has to be variable enough, however the variability must not negatively influence the product quality, reliability, supply rate and accuracy or final price. The flexible planning offers a company the freedom in best production process selection according to highest profit.
Organizational knowledge management is a very difficult issue for companies due to the fact that knowledge, unlike other organizational resources, is dispersed and requires the use of different approaches and tools. The authors, taking into account long-term research on issues of knowledge management, attempted to determine the validity of the network nature of knowledge flows in the functioning of a supply chain of mining machinery and equipment. The authors particularly emphasized the essence of building and developing stable relationships with mining industry recipients, the creation of flexible distribution channels in domestic and international markets, the exchange of knowledge in the field of mining and information technology and pointed out positive changes in the level of a customer service of a machine-building enterprise.
An intensive population growth, progressing social and economic development processes and growing urbanization of rapidly developing countries significantly translate into an increase in the amount of generated waste. At present, approx. 12 million tons of waste are produced in Poland. It should be expected that this amount will grow together with civilization progress. The amount of waste generated per person per year in Poland is 330 kg, as compared with approx. 550 kg in Germany. If these values are reached, approx. 20 million tons of waste will be produced in Poland. This makes it necessary to make rational decisions in the area of waste management in urban agglomerations. For this reason, in recent years, a growing interest has been observed in issues connected with the selection of appropriate planning strategies for waste management processes. Waste management plans assume, amongst other things, a reduction in the amount of waste intended for neutralization, encouraging recycling and creation of preferences to increase the share of recovery processes and recycling, in particular. One of the global targets involves the preparation of appropriate waste recycling strategies, which will increase its effectiveness by improved separation at the source, collection and recycling of priority waste streams. Poland's environmental policy assumes the organization of a municipal waste pre-selection, sorting and recovery system to assure that no more 50% of household waste reaches landfills.
Planning and Implementation waste collection is most important subsystem of the waste management system. The literature widely discussed issues related to the process of collection (determination of service areas, planning vehicle routes, factors affecting the process ETC. ). However, the missing tool to make a real assessment of the collection routes, its progress and performance.
The aim of the paper is presentation The evaluation method of the process of municipal waste collection. The developed method will be allowed to assess the waste collection process takes into account the impact of external factors and decisions taken during the process of municipal waste collection. The developed method will be verified on the basis of the data .
The quality level of an end customer service determines indirectly the competitiveness level of a company. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust permanently distribution processes to the requirements of an end customer. The authors conducted the diagnosis of factors determining the level of a customer service concerning logistics operators on the Silesian TSL market. The SWOT analysis, the analysis of critical success factors and surveys have been used to diagnose these factors. As a result, the authors pointed out necessary changes to improve a customer service of selected logistics operators. It was also identified recommendations for the analyzed logistics operators in the range of timeliness and reliability of a supply for an end customer.
Belt conveyors are used in numerous in-house logistics systems. It is necessary to know properties of these conveyor belts for their effective functioning. This work is focused on research forces applied in conveyor belt during contact with rollers and reversing drum according to the different material properties of conveyor belt. For this purpose was created simulation computational model by Abaqus. Effects of the material properties on the forces in the longitudinal and transverse directions were studied by this model. In the model were observed correlation between material properties of the conveyor belt and its tension-strain states in place of the first and second roller stool, at the site of reverse drum and places of troughing transformation of conveyor belt.
Effective operation of business logistics processes is the main aim in the majority of companies acting in various industries where mechanical engineering is no exception. For the correct operation of the production process is necessary to carry out quality analysis for its implementation can be used a wide range of methods and tools. Recently is mostly used a computer simulation method. The article describes the application of the software package Plant Simulation to analyse the production process of real engineering company.
The article deals with use of operational research methods in logistics field. Most frequently used methods within logistics are: theory of charts and grids, special methods to solve transportation tasks, distribution problems and naturally methods of mathematical programming (most often used is linear programming). Referred methods can significantly influence e.g. moodiness of production process at plant and improve management and planning of logistics processes. The article also emphasizes importance of acquaintance of operational research methods (operational analysis) as competitive advantage for university graduates, which become part of company management by accepting right decisions at industrial plants.
Optimization of mutual cooperation between individual stakeholders within distribution chains and networks is becoming a very frequently discussed problem on the current markets. And it is only effective harmonization of all the activities within mutual cooperation of distribution chain or network members what can lead to the desired effects, i.e. to an increase in the value not only for the target customers, but also for all the involved stakeholders. Naturally, it is necessary to harmonize all the energy, material, and information flows among distribution chain or network members. However, it is often very problematic to identify, and subsequently effectively use, the key possibilities of further improvements and growth. This was the direction of the primary research, which aimed to select areas where it would be suitable to look for a way how to deepen mutual relations among selected distribution chain members on the car oil market to make the total value for all the involved parties grow. The research succeeded both in mapping of the current situation in mutual cooperation among manufacturers, distributors, and garages in the areas of development, production, distribution, and sale of car oils, and in identifying significant opportunities for future improvements and optimization. The recommendations resulting from the research and published herein can be, in our opinion, used with an advantage to improve cooperation of distribution stakeholders in any similar chemical products.
Critical Incident Technique (CIT) enables the detection of events and behavior that constitute the basis for customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction with logistics service and, simultaneously, the isolation of key elements of this service. In the paper there are presented the results of the classification of critical incidents through the application of Critical Incident Technique with reference to the logistics service of the customers of the surveyed cargo motor transport companies for hire or reward of the Silesian Voivodeship and there has been conducted the statistical analysis of these incidents. At the level of data collection under the procedure of CIT, there was used the technique of both telephone and direct interview with the customers of the surveyed cargo motor transport companies. By means of the interview and observations there were obtained descriptions of events and behavior which, at the level of the data analysis under the procedure of CIT, were identified as critical events or incidents. The events and behavior, which were observed as success or failure of logistics service from the perspective of the customers of the surveyed entities, subsequently were classified in the pattern allowing for the identification of individual elements of this service. The results of the classification of all critical incidents extracted from the respondents‘ replies to the questions included in the questionnaire allowed to establish 22 categories and divide them into 5 thematic groups. The conducted statistical analysis of critical incidents of logistics service in the surveyed cargo motor transport companies for hire or award of the Silesian Voivodeship, isolated by the application of Critical Incident Technique, also confirmed the regularity of the previously assumed dependencies.
The check-in system is the key element of airport operation. A vast majority of passengers must have the possibility of checking in the registered baggage and receiving a boarding card. The article presents a model of the functioning of the check-in desk system at an airport. This model is based on the model of the passenger service process at the check-in desk and an algorithm for the management of the schedule of the check-in desk operation. Input data for the model include: the check-in structure (distribution of the check-in system, characteristics of check-in desks), check-in procedures (common, dedicated, mixed), the flight schedule (types of air carriers), on the basis of which the stream of passenger reports for the check-in is determined. The developed model allows the determination of the average passenger wait time for the check-in, depending on the check-in desk management strategy. The developed model was implemented into the Flexsim Software. The model was verified for the check-in system at the Wroclaw Airport. The developed model can also be used for the assessment of the functioning of both existing and designed check-in systems.
The check-in system is the key element of airport operation. A vast majority of passengers must have the possibility of checking in the registered baggage and receiving a boarding card. The article presents a model of the functioning of the check-in desk system at an airport. This model is based on the model of the passenger service process at the check-in desk and an algorithm for the management of the schedule of the check-in desk operation. Input data for the model include: the check-in structure (distribution of the check-in system, characteristics of check-in desks), check-in procedures (common, dedicated, mixed), the flight schedule, on the basis of which the stream of passenger reports for the check-in is determined. The developed model allows the determination of the average passenger wait time for the check-in, depending on the check-in desk management strategy. The developed model was implemented into the Flexsim Software. The model was verified for the check-in system at the Wroclaw Airport. The developed model can also be used for the assessment of the functioning of both existing and designed check-in systems.
The aim of the paper is to identify the logistics actions in the unusual projects, which are projects of translocation of historic buildings. Translocation, or otherwise removing, transfer, is the transfer of a historic building in another location. It is performed only in exceptional cases, ie. if this is the only way to save the cultural heritage object from destruction. Thus understood translocation of historic buildings includes logistics activities that are part of a trend of atypical logistics applications where logistics management is directed primarily to projects in the field of public services in order to improve the quality of life. In the author's opinion, an important role in achieving the efficiency and effectiveness of these projects fulfill the logistics activities. The above issue is innovative both in theoretical and practical terms. Therefore, an article in a general way to indicates the importance of logistics in managing both historic buildings and cultural sites.
Network supply chains include key chain links for building the resistance. These chain links (Material Decoupling Point - assembly to order and production to order, concern products differentiated according to orders placed by the customer) affect material flows of the whole supply chain through silencing disruptions. Logistic and production processes in this type of supply chains can be organized according to the model of early or delayed product differentiation. The issue of strengthening the resistance in the supply chain discussed in the study was aimed at the product differentiation strategy. The research analyzed both strategic variants: early and delayed differentiation. The study aims at presenting a research into strategies of strengthening the resistance in a network supply chain of metallurgic products. The research was carried out in the years 2011-2014.
This paper presents results of a research project which has the aims to identify the problems
appearing during the preparation of mergers in compliance with valid Czech regulations and to analyze economic causes and consequences of mergers. The analysis of the development of mergers and acquisitions focuses on legal conditions in the selected countries CEE in the field of company combinations. These are mergers and acquisitions which are subject to approval by regulatory bodies. The second part of the article brings comparative analysis of the development M&A markets in the Central and Eastern Europe with focus on transportation companies and logistic centers. The results of the analysis allowed us to describe and forecast the dependence of activities in the field of company mergers which took place in the Czech Republic in the past decade on the selected factors of the external environment.
Traditionally, reverse flows were not viewed as adding value for customers or revenue for the manufacturer or producer. However information and material flows are also an important dimension of reverse logistics and closed loop supply chains. These flows are important in perspective of value creation and recovery. There are several methods of value stream description, but they are used in case of classical (forward) supply chains. The article present the possibility of use value stream mapping tool in reverse logistic chain link.
This paper represents the sketch of the new method of material supply to the robotic workplaces in a company from automotive. This work concerns the analysis of the contemporary state and the sketch of the new method of importing materials in the form of milk run. This article deals with the analysis of the costs of the contemporary state and the new one. The next point in the analysis is the comparison of the demands of both methods, especially on space and number of employees. The aim of this work is to analyse the efficiency of incorporating the new method of material supply in a particular company.
This article is using the example of tube producing company to define how we can find economically optimal delivery term, level of inventories and location of logistic decoupling point. Furthermore it try explain that for successful fulfilling of this task is advisable to split products into logical groups and for this groups define these indicators separately.
The article presents selected aspects of modeling accounting systems in the enterprise. It focuses on modeling data flows in the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system in the context of recording costs and performance. Selected flows in the area of sales, purchasing and production have been characterized taking into consideration the financial and managerial accounting. A concept of presenting and reporting flows has been demonstrated, linking the General Ledger with Costs and Performance objects.
Basic types of decision-making tasks include such issues where there are alternative options for decision making. The task of manager is to choose a solution that in assessing certain criteria will lead to an optimal solution. An example of these problems is the problem that falls into the category of optimization transportation routes, in general transportation problem.
This article aims to determine the optimal distribution of refractory material with minimal transport costs within the metallurgical company.
In the current turbulent market environment, the quality of business relationships between suppliers and customers is of greater and greater importance. A wide range of products on the market results in the competition of an infinite number of products and the possibility of their substitution, which makes the necessity of creation and building of strong business relations, particularly on B2B markets, even more significant. This requires customization of the offered range of products to the preferences of individual customers and development of intangible assets within the system of customer care, particularly introduction of more perfect customer services and their provision in accordance with the customers’ needs and wishes. It is essential to integrate and involve the customers in creation of the system of customer service and care even deeper and, within cooperation of the manufacturers and distribution intermediaries, to make the customers always satisfied completely, quickly, in time, and to a high standard. The level of this mutual interconnection is mainly given by the fact how much manufacturers and any other logistics chain entities know their customers, their needs, requirements, and preferences, how much both parties of the business relationship concur in their perception of the importance of individual aspects of the offer and services, and how much they actually fulfil the wishes and expectations of their customers. This paper presents a part of the outcomes of a primary quantitative research performed in 2014 and 2015 among manufacturers of selected chemical products and their processors. The research aimed to map the concords and variances between the customer and supplier perception of the usefulness of different logistics services and the attributes of their quality on the market. It showed that manufacturers of the researched chemical products still have shortcomings in the knowledge of their customers’ requirements and preferences in the area of logistics services and their provision.
Presented paper is a part of the dissertation thesis titled as “A proposal of methodology for developing a logistics strategy for industrial companies in Slovakia. The main aim of the paper is to propose and present methodology for developing logistics strategy for industrial companies in Slovakia based on theoretical knowledge gained by studying domestic and foreign literature and analysis of the current state of the logistics strategies issues in industrial companies in Slovakia, as well as surveys conducted abroad. At the present, the logistics strategy becomes one of the most important success factor of the companies. Companies which realize the importance of logistics strategy for them will be able to succeed both at domestic and foreign markets. The reality is that there are still exist companies which think that they can survive without any strategy. These are particularly companies, which take a view that the strategy has a long-term nature and will not help them to solve the current problems. The opposite is true, companies are creating conditions of growth and competitiveness to the future and at the same time they realise activities which have desired effect in the short term by developing strategy.
This paper presents a comparison of fundamental management processes of selected manufacturing and service companies. The selected object for the service company was a spa resort, which depends on the geothermal potential of the surrounding area and provides medically preventative and curative procedures.
Object management in the form of manufacturing companies and tourist resorts are understood as a system. The paper concentrates on the comparison of model cores; the logistics of procurement, ordering and selling, the management of the flow of materials, energy and people, and also the post-sales service.
The aim of the study was to identify a set of sustainable suppliers criteria and ranking them in order of decreasing importance in the supplier assessment. The validity of each criterion was determined using the method of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). The study was conducted among experts from the international industrial automation company.
The rapidly growing biofuel industry poses considerable challenges to its supply chain network design and operations. Along with coal, natural gas and nuclear power, one of the most important sources of energy is peat. This paper presents the key characteristics of the peat fuel for supply chain that comprises of feedstock production and logistics.
Local peat fuels play an important role in the decentralized and diversified energy system. Fuel peat is a local, indigenous, solid fuel that is use as milled peat or sod peat, or as peat briquettes, pellets and granules.
The main advantages of energy density peat fuel: low cost on unit of heating capacity; close arrangement of the mining enterprises (about 100 km); the possibility of sharp increase in consumption of fuel in peak loads, i.e. is not present need of accumulation and according to derivation of current assets on fuel purchase.
The logistic scheme of energy dense peat fuel production consists of three levels. The first level is peat field. Here the peat raw materials are mining, exposing to roughing-out and collecting in points of storage of raw materials. The main production operations connected with production of energy dense peat fuel are carried out at the second level - points of fuel production on which initially processed peat raw materials are separated, crushed, pressed, passes heat treatment and is packed. Further ready fuel is delivering to region heat sources - the third level of logistic system.
Public transport provides basic transportation needs of the residents of towns and villages. The increase of individual transport affects the division of transport between public transport and individual automobile transport. A solution is offered by a new integrated transport system that better exploits the potential of vehicles. The condition is an appropriate arrangement of the transport system, which allows reaching an agreement in the required quantity and adequate quality among the needs of the population and economical and technical disposition of the company. The paper deals with the coordination of rail lines and bus services between Kosice and city of Moldava nad Bodvou. The result is a design of a new timetable for the selected route.
The article presents the characteristics of logistical support considerations of military units perform tasks in peacekeeping missions under consideration in terms of operational-tactical conditions, terrain and climatic conditions and logistics.
Demand forecasting plays an irreplaceable role in management of logistics processes in manufacturing companies, where the accuracy of arising forecasts has a direct impact on the effectiveness of these processes. When forecasting the demand, it is possible to choose from a wide range of forecasting methods. Quantitative methods based on the analysis of sales time series have been most widely used in practice thanks to the facts that they do not place high demands on time and finances, they are not very laborious, and that they are highly objective compared to qualitative forecasting methods. The possibilities of application of quantitative methods were the subject matter of the research performed in the company PK Ham, s.r.o., doing business on the Czech market in the area of production and distribution of meat and smoked meat products. The needed structure of forecasts was identified on the basis of in-depth interviews conducted with the company employees. Furthermore, the research team analysed the sales time series in all the company products in 2011-2014 and analysed the accuracy of eight forecasting methods on three sales aggregation levels. On the basis of the outcomes of partial analyses, the paper discusses the application possibilities and limitations of selected quantitative methods in short-term demand forecasting in the monitored company.
The basic prerequisite for building long-term relationships between suppliers and customers is the convenience of cooperation for all participating subjects. The benefits arising in relation to the sacrifices incurred, however, can always be assessed only by the recipient, based on the subjective perception of the value obtained. From the supplier's perspective, this means that the solution it offers needs to be most consistent with the preferences of the customer. However, the perceived value in markets with highly commoditized products is often affected by factors that the supplier have no chance to reveal, and thereby accommodate the range of its services and products, without establishing closer relationships with its customers. It is therefore very important for suppliers to identify the parameters of products and services supplied and other factors that the customers find important when selecting a supplier and how and why their preferences change over time. It is the initial step for the effective operation of the company in relation to the customers, strengthening relationships and improving the performance of the supplier as well as that of the entire value network.
The aim of the quantitative research in body shops was therefore to identify the parameters of products and services supplied and other factors that the customers find important and whether their preferences differ. Based on the factor and cluster analyses, factors were first identified that influence the customers when selecting a supplier on the monitored market, and consequently the customers were segmented according to their preferences.
Optimization of processes and costs in all areas of activity is one of the fundamental goals of any company, whether it is in terms of sustainable development, or in order to generate optimal business outcomes. The present case study describes the introduction of a system Milk run into the internal logistics of manufacturing companies and any specific outcomes that follow the introduction of this system.
Company system settings that include Milk run should lead to the reduction of costs associated with handling and transporting material, semi-finished products and goods. Chain optimization using this system is in the elimination of the number of transport runs, where the best delivery route is determined, each of the stops is visited only once, the system suggests options for the collection and delivery of the goods at the same time and it also allows the most effective use of the working hours of each employee.
In order to conduct the evaluation of effectiveness of the implemented system a variety of parameters has been tracked, such as the number of transfers, total number of pallets transported, maintenance costs, value of operating hours, fuel consumption. The conclusion of this paper are the tangible results in a form of savings that are present when using the system Milk run, compared with the situation before the introduction of this system.
Lean production can be generally understood as a process that is constantly trying to eliminate potential bottlenecks in the company. Each system has at least one significant restriction that prevents the achievement of higher levels of performance. Likewise, also manufacturing organizations often have a number of limitations preventing them from producing more profit. These limitations, however, may not relate only to manufacturing resources but also to marketing, internal directives, time and people's attitudes. All these mentioned areas may contain significant sources of reducing performance. Nowadays, lean production is implemented not only in manufacturing but also in connected areas. High competition forces all business entities to constantly seek reserves in their processes. The paper analyzes the use of the tools of lean production in logistics and manufacturing. It assesses the possibility of applying such tools in these fields as well as feasible potential benefits.
In this paper, the author’s research work is focused on modeling of railway transportation system’s reliability and safety. The paper begins with an introduction related to a literature review on railway transportation system functionality, reliability and safety modeling.
Functional model of the railway transportation system can be shown as a process described by a set of states. The set can be divided into a specified number of subsets. Defining states in terms of railway transportation system is a complex issue, therefore the state classification into availability and failure is not sufficient.
Reliability analysis of the system should of course begin with examination of availability variation. It is important to differentiate between the system ability to carry out transportation tasks and reliable operation of system components. A proper state description requires consideration of additional features. Such a feature may be consequences of incorrect operation of system components. In addition to the technical effects associated with incorrect operation of system components there may be mentioned traffic consequences (traffic disruptions).
Traffic disruptions are mainly related to execution time and route used for implementation of transportation tasks. Another important parameter for defining of system states bases on the traffic dependencies between trains running in the system. The defined states were used for reliability and safety modeling of the railway transportation system.
State-transition model construction steps were presented. The paper ends with validation of the model, conclusions of the analysis, dealing with applicability of the model to solve problems for the real system and a summary with prospects for further research.
This article describes one of the possibilities ways of rationalization of goods allocation in the wholesale warehouse. The proposal of new goods allocation was provided by the ABC analysis of goods assortment. The goods were allocated into the three groups – items of high turnover, average turnover items and item of low turnover. Consequently the physical checking of actual allocation of goods in the warehouse was done. There is the proposal of new allocation of goods for each type of group of items in the conclusion of this article.
The goal of the article is to determine the influence of ERP and CRM systems on the economic results of businesses in relation to particular voivodships in Poland. The analysis involves the following variables: Number of companies using ERP software packages for transmitting information between different departments (e.g., accounting, marketing, production), Number of companies using CRM, software which allows the collection and storage of customer information as well as providing access to such information to other organizational units, to manage customer information, Number of companies using CRM, software that allows analyzing customer information for marketing purposes (pricing, promotional actions management, defining distribution channels, etc.), to manage customer information, Revenues from total activity, Revenues from sale of products, goods and materials, Gross financial result (balance). The data come from the years 2008, 2010 and 2012. To evaluate the effects of the application of ERP and CRM systems on the economic results of enterprises the panel model was used.
Well managed logistics is crucial base for any manufacturing company. It is always an employee who stands behind its success or failure. So well set requirements on candidates in a recruitment process and strong emphasis on continual training and development of logistics staff should be in the permanent focus of company managers. This paper presents outputs and related recommendations of the survey among managers of Czech manufacturing companies focused on their demands on graduates suitable for logistics positions and on their opinion on a practical benefit of training and development methods for their employees in the related positions.
Nowadays the main objective of logistics is to optimize the management process of product flow. The completion of logistics functions in the enterprise requires an increasing amount of various information, which allows costs and proper functioning of logistics processes to be specified. This fosters the development of controlling logistics which the main task is to support a logistics management. Logistics controlling through the coordination of planning, control, monitoring, collection and processing of information, ensures an efficient achievement of specified objectives for logistics at the strategic and operational level. The effectiveness of the enterprise depends on the ability to gain and maintain a competitive advantage on the market, that is to identify and exploit emerging business opportunities faster than competitors and the direction of the management system for increased efficiency. Modern companies must nowadays combine efficiency and competitiveness on the global market with sensitivity to the needs of local customers. Therefore, one of the key issues of logistics controlling is the measurement and assessment of the efficiency of logistics processes.
In this paper the Balanced Scorecard approach is presented and a possibility to implement it in the enterprise as a tool of logistics controlling. This method can highly increased an efficiency of logistics processes.
The article analyses the economic efficiency of investments with a view to future costs of operation and maintenance of two hot-water transfer stations to determine which one is optimal for the company. It contains an analysis of the maintenance costs of transfer stations, controllable in terms of reconstruction. In conclusion, the article presents the process of evaluating the effectiveness of investments using standard evaluation methods aimed at reducing maintenance costs, heat losses in the technology of thermal energy transformation and electricity consumption.
This article describes an example of the use of simulation Witness to improve the continuity of the flow in production process. Production management and tasks scheduling in series – parallel systems, with minimizing wastes (muda) at the same time, may be very difficult issue. For the systems with complex manufacturing structures, without use of informatical tools, it may be arduous or even impossible task. Various processing times, changeover times, availability, number of operators changing in time, and other randomly occurring parameters (eg. failures), significantly affects the level of difficulty. The aim of the study was to obtain the highest productivity in a mixed (serial - parallel)
system, taking into account the minimization of inventory in interoperable buffers and minimize the downtime of machines and operators.
Transport is one of the areas having considerable potential within the scope of the implementation of the environmental friendly (green) practices. Green transport is a worldwide processed, described and developed topic, but only from a multinational and national perspective, especially for the area of urban or public transport. Unfortunately, green transport from the viewpoint of industrial companies is researched only sporadically and marginally. The aim of the paper is to analyze possibilities for an environmental assessment of the internal transport in an industrial company using the Life Cycle Assessment method.
The article deals with possibilities of creating system for support the activities of logistics systems. This system would serve as a means for decision support. In support of the activities of logistics systems is necessary to implement a large number of decisions. Decisions are realized on different management levels. Any decision on individual levels can cause improvement, respectively aggravation of system operation. The impacts of decisions can have local effect on the overall operation of logistics systems, but may also seriously affect the whole system, positively or negatively. Many experts and scientific literature define and argue that "logistics is only one" and is associated with ensuring of chain "purchase - production - sales", or “supply - production - distribution". All other activities are only for ensuring of activities of the main chain. Of course, that without the support activities should the main chain was unable to function effectively. For ensuring main and support activities for logistics needs is possible to use great number of methods from different branches. By joining of methods into one system, it is possible to create a universal program means for support decision and effective operation of logistics systems.
Along with the development of new technologies, rapidly growing interest in intermodal transport, which one of the main advantages is carrying loads over long distances. Intermodal transport is defined as transport more than one mode of transport, integrated loading unit, which can be a container, swap body or semi-trailer car. The point infrastructure consists of ports and terminals onshore, which enable the handling or storage. Intermodal transport is part of the supply chain, so any hazards that may occur, impact on the correctness conduct of the entire intermodal transport. If a fault occurs affects the susceptibility and resistance of the supply chain. In [7] the vulnerability of the supply chain is defined as a function of certain characteristics of the supply chain and losses that the company incurred as a result of the vulnerability of the supply chain as a result of his interference. On the other hand, resistance in [13] is the ability of the supply chain system to reduce the probability of interference, minimize the impact of these disruptions, and shorter time to return to normal performance. The article consists of 3 parts, the first of which describes the approach of different authors to the concept of resilience and vulnerability of the supply chain or logistics system. The next section is characterized system in the terminal onshore. The last part deals with the characteristics, the two most important factors, which are redundancy and flexibility. This article presents approaches to immune system in intermodal transshipment node.
Indicator timeliness of the service is one of the basic parameters for assessing the efficiency of the logistics system. The results of the research preferences of passengers, almost always indicate punctuality as one of the three most important and also the most recognizable features describing the operation of urban public transport. Punctuality in its assessment of the quality of transport is the subject of analysis many researchers in Poland and in the world. The purpose of this article is to identify problems related to punctuality transportation in public transport and the characteristics of the analysis of data from measurements of punctuality, conducted in selected enterprise passenger.
Integration in the area of international trade also affects business entities in the Czech Republic, which merge with each other to form larger business units to maintain a competitive level of their offer. Thus vast, structurally more and more complex supply systems are developed, through which products and services are provided to the customers. These systems have to be able to respond promptly to any changes in the business environment and to any changes in the customer requirements. Therefore, there is a changeover from static supply systems to systems with a dynamic structure, which changes with each opportunity, order, or product. This transition to systems with a dynamic structure requires solutions to a number of problems, such as e.g. implementation of highly sophisticated communication and information technologies, arising increased coordination costs, setup of the ways of cooperation between the entities inside supply chains. Application of different forms of cooperation is dependent on a lot of problems like technical equipment, system compatibility, different corporate cultures, willingness to share information, branch characteristics, characteristics of the manufactured product, and other factors. Therefore, this paper identifies and evaluates, on the basis of comparison of literature research outcomes and analysis of a twenty-year development of creation of the structure of a particular chosen supply system in the chemical industry, the ways and conditions of the genesis of the given structure and the advantages resulting from creation of a supply system and cooperation of the partners therein.
Efforts to use alternative fuels to power vehicles are not only the affairs of the recent years. We can say that there are three main reasons for finding new opportunities how to drive motor vehicles: thinning reserves of fossil fuels, fuel economy of vehicles and environmental impacts.
Presented paper aimed to find a possible use of alternative fuels as a tool for growth of metallurgical enterprise. The synthesis of the current state and possibilities of using alternative fuels led to two basic researches, first one into an area of vehicles that can be used in operations of metallurgical enterprises and could make use of alternative fuels and second one for further the development of the use of alternative fuels in the automotive industry which subsequently represents a tool for growth in metallurgical enterprises.
Conclusions of this paper evaluate the economic and ecological aspects in the use of vehicles with alternative drives/fuels in the metallurgical enterprise, as well as growth opportunities in terms of production programs in metallurgical enterprise.
The main goal of the paper is to present outputs of the case study realized by researchers of the Institute of Logistics, Faculty BERG, Technical University Košice. The case study was oriented to the problem of reverse logistics and its application for wastes. The paper presents only one part of the output, namely the solution of one important process of reverse logistics, namely collection of wastes. For the solution of this problem the case study searched used tires, their production, ways of collection and processing. By the obtained results the solution was based on the creation of collecting points for used tires and their next transport to the centralized collecting point in the area of the processing enterprise.
The paper presents an issue of measuring a logistics performance in wholesale companies. The main methodological base is the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method. Aim of this article is to create a conceptual framework for the building measurement systems of logistics key performance indicators (LKPI) in wholesale companies. The proposed conceptual framework is verified through the case study in the particular wholesale company.
The material resources management is one of the most important aspects of functioning companies, in particular firms of SME sector. Those firms represents the greatest economic strength, both in Poland and all Europe. An important aspect that influence on the market efficiency of small and medium-sized enterprises is optimal process management for supplies and warehousing. The analysis undertaken in this study was intended to demonstrate the significance of optimization processes through the appropriate utilization of available resources and orders synchronization also implementing the purchases and supplies of equipment and materials in the most effective way to satisfy the market needs. The desired effect can lead to the reduction of the firm's financial losses and thus can allow to increase the market competitiveness. The author concentrated her work on logistic and economic analysis of enterprise activity, operating in the refrigeration industry. In detail, dissertations were passed from the scope of means of implementation of the purchase and the delivery of devices which are in stock sale of the enterprise and processes of placing orders on essential products.
The role of reverse logistics in creating added value for producers in packaging is presented in this article. The premise is the choice of reverse logistics for plastics on the one hand, considering their versatile applications. On the other hand, an extremely important issue is that their production is characterized by high dynamics and has a significant impact on the environment, contributing significantly to the use of the valuable resource. This paper will focus on the economical and environmental optimization of reverse logistics processes in plastics packaging. The presented article is part of research on developing application methods for the settlement of environmental-economic support for reverse logistics processes aimed at reducing consumption of energy and raw materials by plastics manufacturers, which ultimately translates into added value in terms of so-called environmental benefits.
Intermodal transport based on exchanging containers needs effective and efficient functioning of land terminals. In the literature, a lot of attention has been paid to efficient operation of ports, while scientific solutions are not developed very often for land terminals. This results, amongst other things, from the limited potential and reach of land intermodal nodes. The article presents a heuristic method, which combines the issues of scheduling loading machine operation and its route in the fulfilment of carriage-yard transport orders. This method is implemented at four stages: a comparison of dates of container release to the end recipient, valuation of task implementation and valuation of the accumulated value of the performance of entrusted tasks.
The article presents the basics guidelines of process improvement workshop which is moonshine workshop. This is the lean manufacturing tool that use a fast and inexpensive prototyping that develop and prove a concept, prior to full implementation directory. The primary goal of this tool is to break the conventional procedures for the development and testing of new solutions for experimentation away from the process and the implementation of best solutions as improvement. It is therefore a quick and radical method of increasing process efficiency.
Organization of logistics in commercial enterprises has a huge impact on their financial results However, it is very often associated with high costs. The problem
in the management of logistics costs is the lack of information in the financial statements about the logistics costs. These costs are included in the form of synthetic accounts which are presented in the income statement. Therefore, in order to meet the costs of logistics
in the enterprise and manage them additional auxiliary account should be used. With information on the cost of logistics in a given period one can enter the appropriate solutions that will lead to their optimization. Effective management of costs and their reduction in various areas of management companies will have a positive impact on one the most important indicators for assessing the activities of the company, which is profitability. Profitability is the basic information about the earning capacity of the business. This article aims to show the impact of logistics on the ability of commercial companies to generate profit.
Factual knowledge acquisition is associated with certain amounts (cost, information acquisition time). In many cases it turns out that some knowledge was collected needlessly because other facts were sufficient for the conclusions draw. In the article it suggested the idea of acquiring factual knowledge aided by an expert system. Furthermore, it described the probability calculator and the procedure of determining the order of the questions that can be used to optimize the process of applying in the rules expert system.
The principles of the sustainable development, in particular those from the ecological area, determine more and more and increasing extent the organizational and functional aspects of the supply chain. The contemporary supply chains must be not only resilient, agile and smart. They must be ecological and social responsible. The condition for the functioning of the supply chain is the logistics infrastructure of the economy. Development and growth of the infrastructure of the economy must reflect the needs of modern supply chains.
The assignment of eco-friendly attributes to the supply chains, should be required, to
development and growth of the sustainable macrologistics infrastructure. Development and growth should be compatible with generally accepted ecological imperatives and conducted with respect for the environment. This aims of this article are determine the ecological determinants of growth and development of the logistics infrastructure of the economy and an indication of their impact on the structure of sustainable supply chains.
The article has an epistemological character.