List of Abstracts 2022: POSTER SESSION
Date: June 16, 2022
Manufacturing companies are under great pressure in the current highly competitive environment. High customer demands as well as pressure from the competition are forcing companies to streamline all their processes. In this situation, it is increasingly important to optimise the company's logistics processes. The production of iron in a blast furnace is extremely demanding in terms of the large volumes of raw materials that must be continuously available. At the same time, some technological processing of these raw materials is necessary before using them. There are also other stock items that have fundamentally different consumption and volume. Iron production is also specific in terms of the continuous operation of the blast furnace itself. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly provide the required quantity of feedstock. The bulkiest raw materials in terms of quantity are iron ore, alkaline additives and blast furnace coke. Three types of material used were analysed in the research carried out. Two types were related to the most voluminous stock items listed above. The third type of stock item is one of those that is expensive but is consumed rather irregularly - spare parts. The aim of this paper is to assess the variability in consumption for the stock items in question. Standard logistics tools from the field of stock classification methods were used for the evaluation. The research was conducted in a selected metallurgical company in the Czech Republic.
Increasing global competition is driving the need to meet new customer demands, leading to significant changes in modern industry. In this context, the rapid development of Industry 4.0 over recent years has been observed. The pillars of the new revolution have become technologies based on the internet of things, cyber-physical systems, Big Data, cloud computing, robotics and simulation.
Many companies are choosing to automate their internal transport in order to eliminate human factors and reduce storage costs globally. Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMR) have become a common solution. In addition to a number of problems related to their design (localization, navigation, routing, obstacle detection) widely discussed in the literature, there is also the problem of their implementation. This is influenced by many factors related to the characteristics of the system.
This publication describes a tool developed to implement AMR in a warehouse with given characteristics such as layout, size and type of storage. This tool fits into the concept of Logistics 4.0. It allows to determine the number of robots, to determine the location of picking stations, their number and the necessary number of charging stations. In addition, it makes it possible to take into account the different intensities of the order stream.
Individual car transport in large cities causes congestion, parking problems, and overall difficulty in urban logistics. There is a big problem finding a parking space in city centres, especially near offices and institutions. One of the possible solutions is to build parking lots on the outskirts of cities and thus reduce car traffic in the city. This article presents a proposal to improve the city logistics in the city of Košice by creating a parking lot at the northern entrance and providing an alternative form of transport. The impact of the proposal on the traffic is experimentally verified by simulations in the Vissim program.
Digitalisation and related new technologies such as automation, the Internet of Things combined with Artificial Intelligence, augmented reality, cloud working and big data have even revolutionized industrial logistics. At the same time, they have raised new challenges for companies such as, among others, the necessities of faults/errors elimination, ensuring ergonomic workstation, ensuring full information flow at each stage of conducted processes, as well as providing flexibility and responsiveness to emerging changes.
In the context of automation of internal logistics processes, one of the interesting issues is the accuracy/reliability of pallet detection in the context of ensuring the correctness and efficiency of the internal transport process performance. As a result, the paper presents the results of conducted tests for detection of a pallet to be transported by an autonomous mobile robot (AMR). Performance tests were carried out with an AMR placed on a hard surface with a measurement system consisting of two Intel RealSense Depth Camera D435 mounted on the AMR and a pallet. The efficiency and quality of position detection were checked for different distances of the pallet from the robot and different lateral displacements. Additionally the case of a rotated load was also considered. The obtained results allowed for the conclusion on the reliability of a material handling process in the context of errors occurrence in the area of pallet detection during its retrieval from the storage area.
Industry 4.0 or the Fourth Industrial Revolution means not only technological changes, but also social and industrial changes caused by the digital transformation of industry. These changes create a new environment for the functioning of enterprises and, to a different extent, influence the shaping of contemporary challenges for companies. Dynamic technological development, Industry 4.0 technologies implemented in modern companies result in redefinition of their business models. Companies that want to achieve success on the market must act in such a way as to generate added value for the customer. The value is seen in a unique business model, dynamic capabilities, innovations, strategic potential of the organization, or organizational entrepreneurship. The condition to achieve competitive advantage is value creation. The company's ability to create value in a broad sense is seen as one of the important conditions for achieving and maintaining a competitive advantage of the business model. The purpose of this article is to identify the impact of Industry 4.0 on value creation in the architecture of business models.
With the rising living standard, traffic in city centres has been becoming more congested and more and more cities have to adapt different measures and regulations of traffic in their centres. In order to be these measures effective, they should be data-based, and moreover the data must be likelihood.
In the framework of international project Clevernet - Implementation of innovative sensor networks in cross - border regions, a network of traffic sensors was deployed in the centre of Žilina in mid-2021. The network covers all 9 entrances / exits, i.e. a total of 26 lanes. These sensors in operation mode 24/7 not only detect passing vehicles but also classify them according to size and speed. Traffic sensors are complemented by microclimatic units and surface frost sensors to study wider climatic aspects.
Thus, a database has been continuously being created, which has a diverse application for expertly based political decisions of authorities. Areas of application are various issues related to transport and climate change as well (static transport, traffic safety, pedestrian safety, transport emissions, public space heating, phenomena affecting transport such as anti-pandemic measures, ...).
The fact that the traffic situation in the centre is serious also represents fact that the city with approximately 81.5 thousand inhabitants generates approximately 53 thousand vehicle entrances to the city centre on a working day. Typically, it is 300 to 335 thousand a week and almost 1.5 million a month.
The data is open and available to the professional and scientific community.
Logistics 4.0 as a concept that focuses on the increased integration of enterprises within open supply chains, the development of management support IT systems, logistic processes automation and control, generates changes in the logistic planning process. The article presents an innovative method of logistical planning, which allows for the implementation of the planning process in a comprehensive approach in accordance with the assumptions of Logistics 4.0. The proposed approach is oriented to a given logistic system, taking into account dynamic changes in supply chains and emerging external disturbances. The proprietary method enables modelling of any number of objects integrated in the supply chain according to the same criteria and tools, to ensure comparability of the optimization results of individual scenarios with a relatively small amount of work, shortening the entire logistical planning process and increasing the efficiency of managers and teams responsible for the planning process. The article presents the results of research on logistical planning in a real logistic system based on three scenarios of activities.
The world is facing to various hazards globally over the last three years, such as: the global COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Even the ongoing war conflict between Russia and Ukraine does not add stability to the market and the ever-increasing prices of energy and some staple foods are changing consumer prices and making the situation confusing. This paper points to the development of some logistics indicators of industry in Slovakia over the last 8 years, so the data reflect the development of these indicators before the COVID-19 crisis to the present. The choice of indicators was influenced to a large extent by the availability of data and thanks to the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic it was possible to prepare analyses of the development of the following indicators: foreign trade (exports and imports), sales for industrial production (including mining) and developments in transport. Year 2020 is a year of significant changes, as in March, April and May, industry (production and consumption) in Europe, but also in other countries of the world, was almost completely stopped. In the conclusion, the paper presents graphical overviews, which are supplemented by forecasts of the expected development of these indicators in the near future.
Today, the digitization, improvement and acceleration of all processes means the efforts of manufacturing companies and companies to move their production to a higher level. They try to find such possibilities that will allow them to optimize production as best as possible under the most favorable economic conditions. With the help of digitization and various simulation programs, it is possible to optimize production more accessible to a wide range of manufacturing companies. The paper aims to describe the production line in the virtual environment of the computer simulation module Tecnomatix Plant Simulation. Subsequently, to reveal the potential for possible improvement of the properties of this line. After identifying bottlenecks, eliminate them in the simulation model and suggest possible options for improvement. The simulation will also include specific models of products produced on the line in question and will also include models of equipment that ensure the transformation of semi-finished products into finished products.
In addition to a stable economy, the circular model should also ensure a healthy environment. The yield in this system is based on the efficiency of using natural resources through efficient recovery. And not only materials but mainly products or their components. It significantly minimizes waste and the cost of input materials and energy required to produce new products. The production of waste tyres is constantly growing every year. The presented manuscript aims to maximize the recovery of all components of used tyres that are returned back to the manufacturing process. The research is focused on monitoring the fabrics component of waste tyres and their application in the manufacturing of new composite materials.
This article shows the digital version of a laboratory designed for training logistics processes. Digital models are exact copies of real laboratory equipment. Models are created in SolidWorks. The laboratory also monitors the movements of objects and employees using RTLS technology. The whole laboratory training takes place using virtual reality technology. The digital model brings many benefits to training logistics processes. There is no need for a real training center, which saves space and time for implementation, in digital form it is possible to easily monitor the whole process, track the times and simply start the whole process again. The whole process of logistics process training brings us valuable information about the whole process from which we can draw. The creation of digital models and the entire training laboratory is time-consuming and experience with the programs is required.
The development of modern technologies under the designation Industry 4.0 or Industry 5.0 brings new possibilities in terms of logistics management and implementation in practice as well as independent autonomous systems. The use of innovative systems composed of physical models brings new opportunities in the teaching process. The aim of our contributioon is to point out the use of such innovative systems in practice. The main element is the use of educational robots which represent a huge potential in the teaching process. There is currently a research institute at the BERG Faculty that has such educational robots and where we try to bring opportunities to use these educational robots effectively in connection with research and to be of benefit to the teaching process. In terms of the technological part of the research, our goal is to create autonomous systems with the help of such educational robots, and to model and create workplaces that correspond to real workplaces in various areas of industry in the real world. The project plan is to build a new laboratory for the simulation of robotic workplaces with the help of educational robots.
The job scheduling problem is one of the biggest optimization challenges for manufacturing companies. A properly performed planning can reduce both cost and production time. A scheduling problem that has been the subject of research in numerous research papers is the permutation flow shop scheduling problem (PFSP) with makespan as optimization (minimization) criterion. Frequently used algorithms to solve PFSP is the constructive deterministic heuristic algorithm NEH. Many researchers have analyzed the effectiveness of the NEH algorithm. An example of the issues studied is the importance of the order of input data on the results obtained by the NEH algorithm. In the literature, a number of variants of NEH-based algorithms can be found. The N-NEH+ algorithm is considered to be one of the most efficient. Therefore, this paper focuses on analyzing the influence of the input sequence on the results obtained by the N-NEH+ algorithm. Two most popular benchmarks were used to analyze the influence of the input sequence: the Taillard's benchmark and the VRF benchmark. The results obtained confirm that the input sequence has a significant impact on the results obtained by the N-NEH+ algorithm. However, this influence is less than that of the NEH algorithm.
This paper is focused at increasing the efficiency of the supply and demand chain in a company engaged in the assembly and production of individual components for the automotive industry. Each company uses different tools to increase its competitiveness. One of the important tools is logistics, the purpose of which is the regulation, organization, control and integration of flows, which are associated with various processes aimed at optimization. Supply chain evaluation based on joint planning and management, offers the opportunity to dynamically adapt orders in individual organizations to the requirements, and thus can optimize lead times.
The Lean Six Sigma methodology is a disciplined and logical approach that is used in industrial companies to improve various processes. The essence of improvement is to reduce variability, eliminate defects and eliminate waste, especially in manufacturing processes of which logistics activities are an integral part. This methodology is based primarily on statistical methods, simpler and more complex quality management methods as well as lean management methods. The main importance that adds to the value of the Lean Six Sigma methodology compared to other improvement methodologies is the application of advanced industrial engineering methods and more complex statistical methods and the use of measurable financial indicators to interpret results.
The paper focuses on the application of Lean Six Sigma or Six Sigma methodology in industrial practice. The main objective of the paper is to identify and analyze the critical factors of failure of implementation of Lean Six Sigma methodology in industrial enterprises in Slovakia in comparison with enterprises in the world.
This paper deals with the analysis of logistics flows through progressive RTLS localization technology. This technology is based on the UWB signal, which is ecologically and economically able to collect various production data from various logistics processes and on the basis of them can optimize or otherwise modify these processes. The paper also points to other features of this technology, which we can use in manufacturing companies in various fields.
Due to massive increase of using of different types of city transport e.g. cars, bicycles, segways, scooters or electric scooters also increases the potential risk of collisions or critical situations. These risks may be caused by the undisciplined drivers or exceeding of maximal allowed speed in the city roads. All these factors can affect the transport safety in city especially for the most vulnerable roads users like pedestrians, bikers, or scooter riders.
In our research we decided to find out the speed conditions and the speed limits exceeding by the passenger car drivers, van drivers and long vehicles drivers. Our traffic sensor network consists of 27 traffic intensity sensors placed on strategic places around the city centre of the Zilina city and the sensor network covers all the road lines. The sensors can count input and output traffic and also measures the speed of the vehicles crossing the sensors. The major group of the traffic sensors are placed near the pedestrian crossroads, so we can detect the exceeding the speed on the most dangerous places for pedestrians or cyclists in the city. Since we have diversified data we can compare places near and far from pedestrian roads.
Simulation software has become an integral part of solving scientific problems. Transport is no exception and therefore every transport project must be based on a model and simulation. ETCS is a novelty interlocking system of a train protection. Its various application levels offer new possibilities in access to train protection. ETCS L2 levels are being built on the railway lines in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. This system brings the highest added value in terms of railway transport capacity. This poster deals with the simulation of a fictitious track equipped with ETCS L2 in the OpenTrack software and a comparison of performance indicators with the state-of-the-art.
Logistics is being used primarily on supply and retail chains, but also it is an essential tool in solving crisis situations. Applied logistics refers to a set of applied principles and methods of logistics to solve problems in the physical distribution and flow of goods and services in various areas of society. Crisis logistics includes most of the circulation processes of logistics itself, such as procurement, warehousing, supply, or distribution logistics. The aim is to point out logistics principles in solving crisis situations. The work states planning and preventive actions in front of and during crisis situations and refers to the importance and impact of logistics in such situations. The main output is a micro and macro logistics model of the current crisis situation.
One of the most popular algorithms for solving the permutation flow shop scheduling problem (PFSP) for the makespan minimization criterion is the NEH algorithm. Many research papers have been devoted to the NEH algorithm and its improvements. One of the most interesting improvements is the N-list technique, which can be implemented to other algorithms based on the NEH algorithm. This paper is devoted to analyzing the effect of the reversibility property on the results obtained by the selected algorithms. The analyses were performed on three example algorithms for which the N-list technique was implemented and which used the reversibility property. The analyses were performed using the two most popular benchmarks for the PFSP problem: the Taillard’s benchmark and the VRF benchmark. The results clearly indicate that the use of the reversibility property can significantly improve the results obtained by the algorithm.
Mining industry is still the only supplier of mineral resources. Loading and transportation represents an integral part of the logistics system in each mining company. Shovel loaders are often used as part of the technological process in quarries. The trouble-free condition of loaders is one of the basic factors of their long-term performance. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the failure rate of loaders using Pareto analysis. Based on this method, the most common loader failures within a specified time are identified. The results of the analysis will be further examined and the basis for drawing conclusions.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution means the universal digitization of all areas of the economy, including industry and logistics. New digital technologies enable real-time monitoring of production processes and obtain a high level of flexibility and productivity of cyber-physical systems (CPS). The idea of CPS means a set of intelligent devices, machines, and autonomous transport that communicate with each other using modern digital technologies capable of collecting, processing and exchanging huge amounts of data in real-time.
Nowadays, each company should be perceived as an intelligent module to be used in the cyber-physical network for producing and delivering a product to the customer. Therefore, enterprises should raise the level of technologies used and focus on open communication in the network. Modern enterprises can offer more complex, innovative products and services tailored to customers' needs, combining their potential into a cyber-physical network organization. The idea of such a cyber-physical production network means joint execution of production orders using digital communication technologies, the Industrial Internet of Things, Big Data and Cloud Computing technologies and fully automated production systems and processes of individual network partners.
The article aims to identify the critical problems of planning cyber-physical production networks of SMEs and to present the concept of planning temporary networks of enterprises capable of implementing personalized products in the Industry 4.0 environment. The proposed approach considers production flow variants considering logistic constraints. One of the significant advantages of the proposed approach is creating dynamic, temporary alliances of small and medium-sized enterprises that can be simultaneously involved in many different projects (networks).
The article deals with a very current topic, which is humanitarian logistics. Although logistics is mostly used in commercial supply chains, it is also an important tool in disaster relief operations. Humanitarian logistics is one of the types of applied logistics. It is gaining great importance in solving the preparation for eliminating possible conditions in a certain area and its subsystems due to unexpected events. It is applied logistics refers to a set of applied principles, knowledge, and logistics methods to solve problems of physical distribution, the flow of goods and services (tangible and intangible) in various areas of the economy and society. Humanitarian logistics includes elements of all circulation processes (procurement logistics, sales logistics, warehousing logistics, sales logistics, supply, distribution, order fulfilment, market) and, for example, own production, reverse logistics, and waste management, recycling.
The article addresses the methodology of synergistic design of complex and advanced production systems as a basic approach to technological logistics. Generically, it further develops process of generalizing the author's 25 years of practical experience in designing and logistics optimization of technological processes and summarizes the results of more than 150 research and innovation projects, solved in the past. The topic deals with the transfer of knowledge from logistics to the design of new technologies and processes. At the same time article brings applicable output from analytic technological review of logistics and a summary of results, which create extensive innovative opportunities for both research and industry.
The paper deals with the issue of capacity balancing at the operational level of production management. The authors focused on the possibilities of supporting planning and decision-making processes, where they provided planning staff (production planners) with measures to gradually balance the production schedule in relation to the available production capacities. The goal was to achieve a balanced production schedule.
The platinum group metals (PGMs) palladium, platinum, and rhodium represent the key materials for automotive exhaust gas treatment. Since there are currently no adequate alternatives, the importance of these metals for the automotive industry is steadily rising. The high value of PGMs in spent catalysts justifies their recycling. The state-of the-art technology is to melt the ceramic carrier and collect the precious fraction in a liquid metal bath. As the feed material has quite high melting points, huge amounts of energy are required for this process. Hydrometallurgical treatments of the spent catalysts offer the possibility to recycle the PGMs with less energy and time demands. Moreover, automotive catalysts contain further valuable materials to improve the exhaust gas treatment. These compounds, like cerium oxide, cannot be recovered in pyrometallurgical processes.
This paper is devoted to specific transport of companion animal. There are issues to be resolved regarding animal transportation and logistics process, which are related to both commercial and non-commercial transport. General requirements for the movement of pet animals within the Union have proved to be an unjustified administrative burden and cost. Specific rules should therefore apply differently to the commercial and non-commercial movement of pet animals within the Union. The paper presents the difference between non-commercial and commercial transport of companion animals. The main goal of the paper is to present the veterinary border control is a key factor to ensure that both live animals and animal products entering to the EU are safe and meeting the specific strictly harmonized import conditions laid down in the Union legislation.
The paper deals with the possibilities and benefits of building the I/14 road transfer as a bypass of the city of Ústí nad Orlicí, the impact on traffic on other roads and other options for solving the traffic situation in the city using a macroscopic traffic model created in OmniTRANS. Based on these documents, the thesis also deals with the evaluation of transport in the city of Ústí nad Orlicí, both on the infrastructure side (construction of the bypass, modification of local roads) and on the side of transport itself (traffic situation in the city).
The main topic of the article is an ergonomic analysis by the RULA method on the assembly line in the company Schaeffler Skalica s.r.o. It is very important to know the very process of assembly in the workplace, which leads to knowledge of the shortcomings that appear in the performance of work. The analytical part also includes the maximum weight limits allowed for working with loads. Using the ergonomic RULA method, we analyze the working positions that were evaluated as the most critical and find out the results.
Unit load AGVs are gradually becoming a common part of the internal logistics of industrial companies, especially from the automotive industry. Most often for handling standardized pallet containers. The aim of this paper is to identify the possibilities of using unit load AGVs for picking cart handling. Unlike pallet containers, picking carts are completely non-standardized (both in terms of construction and size). The possibilities of using the unit load AGVs for this purpose are verified in the form of a pilot project.
The paper deals with the process planning structure of the complex magnesite processing, where capacity planning and production scheduling constitutes the meaningful and essential component of the product manufacturing control process within the whole its life-cycle. The result is a new advanced planning system proposal, which respond to a modern trends identified by European Commission for sustainable raw material processing area.