List of Abstracts 2023: POSTER SESSION
Date: November 9, 2023
The paper is aimed at the experimental testing of the impact energy of conveyor belts in terms of their resistance to puncture using the Design of Experiment (DOE) method. The plan of the experiment consists of the choice of the response, i.e. the observed impact energy, and the definition of the factors: A-impact height, B-hammer weight and C-type of impactor. The design and implementation of the experiment and the evaluation of the significance of the individual influences of the factors and their interactions using a t-test, which is expressed in the output using the p-value. The Pareto chart and the normal probability chart were used to evaluate the effects of individual factors and their interactions on impact energy. The obtained regression model presents a complete three-factor experiment. The analysis shows that the three main factors A, B, C, and the first-order interactions AB and BC have a statistically significant effect on the output value of the impact energy.
A warehouse is a facility that serves primarily to consolidate products, ensuring the continuity of the supply chain. The basic task of warehouse management is to reduce transport costs and ensure continuity of production along with shortening the order fulfillment time. Warehousing is one of the main processes responsible for direct customer satisfaction. With an appropriate product base, an economic entity can gain a competitive advantage. There are different types of warehouses and their division may vary depending on their function. Warehouse management is based on the concept of controlled lead time and variance in the flow of materials and goods. These are critical issues in managing the entire supply chain. are critical issues for intelligent supply chain management. The management of every business entity strives to improve the efficiency of the supply chain, while reducing order fulfillment time and variance. Time is a key issue in the management of any enterprise, which determines whether it is possible to achieve a competitive advantage on the market and develop the enterprise. This article examines warehouse picking systems. 4 warehouse systems were compared. The aim of the study was to present a system that had the shortest operator turnaround time and the lowest number of errors made during picking. The research was conducted in laboratory conditions. 43 people aged between 20 and 25 took part in the research. The research was performed at the turn of 2022 and 2023.
An important part of logistics is working with procurement. High-quality market research is needed for efficient procurement. The quality of the research can be improved by the use of modern digital technologies. At the same time, it is important to outline the range of appropriate solutions and strictly define the role of artificial intelligence in the associated relationships.
The article discusses the solution to the traffic situation on the selected traffic section of road II/552 in the city of Košice using simulations in the PTV Vistro program. The current state of the traffic section does not meet the requirements for the flow of traffic for a long time, and it is necessary to take measures to increase its throughput. From the data obtained during the survey, a simulation model is created that reflects the current state of the entire section, and an analysis of the traffic situation is carried out. The research aims to propose alternative solutions and select the optimal option for the reconstruction of the section. The proposal considers that traffic volume increase with the increasing level of passenger car use.
The paper introduces a multi-criteria provider evaluation model based on fuzzy logic, which will allow you to take into consideration different expert’s opinions on various criteria, such as product/service quality, costs, on-time delivery, innovation, or communication ability. Presenting approach should help company in adapting to changing market requirements. In addition to the model, an application with an intuitive interface will be presented, which will allow users to conveniently use the tool and make good decisions in the process of selecting the best supplier.
The growing importance of international supply chains has fundamentally changed the way the export of goods outside the European Union is organized. Effective supply chain management is crucial for the safety of distributed food goods. The aim of the article is to present transit planning procedures and identify challenges related to the international supply chain to export goods outside the European Union, along with ways to solve them. The scope of distribution of food products includes the transit of goods to Africa and Asia from EU countries via road or sea transport, where the links in the supply chain are partners from the private and public sectors. The company must complete a number of formalities in order to transit goods outside the EU. The article reviews the scope of supply chain planning for the export of goods outside the EU in terms of preparing appropriate documentation and the possibility of threats at each stage of goods movement. The review covers a range of literature and case studies of food producing companies in the EU. The complexity of distributing goods to non-EU countries requires appropriate planning, taking into account the unpredictability of external risk factors, which include: demand variability, natural disasters, changes in legal regulations, theft, the threat of excessive dependence on individual links in the supply chain and improperly secured goods. The changes presented in this article increase the flexibility of the supply chain already at the planning stage, which enables continuity of distribution and security of goods.
Today's times are marked by fast-paced lifestyles, high demands and lots of stress. This is reflected in deteriorating human health and congested roads. Society has reached a point, where everyone wants to have everything instantly and we are adapting to it just to keep our place in it. To cope with all the rigors of everyday life, we are now increasingly being helped by various technologies that are innovating day by day. One of such is an inconspicuous but unmissable device - the unmanned aerial vehicle (drone). This paper is aimed at exploring the potential commercial use of drones, as an important element in the logistics chain in healthcare. This chain is largely constrained by a number of factors, which may include the congested traffic situation and inadequate infrastructure. In this paper, attention is paid to the analysis of a concrete example of the use of drones in real practice.
Supply chain management has evolved from a linear, fragmented approach to a complex, interconnected system that spans the global landscape. As businesses grapple with the challenges of an increasingly volatile and uncertain world, a paradigm shift in supply chain management becomes imperative. This article explores the transformative power of systems thinking in wholeness as the strategic mindset change required to navigate the modern supply chain landscape. Traditionally, supply chain management has focused on individual components and linear processes, often leading to inefficiencies, bottlenecks, and vulnerabilities. However, systems thinking in Wholeness supports the perspective of Wholeness, which is directly focused on emphasizing the critical role of the relevant external environment, economic, environmental, and social stakeholders with its significant impact on the performance of the interdependencies of the supply chain and all its parts. This approach recognizes that disruptions or changes in the relevant external environment can have far-reaching consequences throughout the entire chain. Considering systematically relevant external environment (doing right things) is responsible for consumption of significantly less resources in performance of supply chains parts and interactions (doing things right). Such an approach requires change in thinking in strategic management of the entire supply chain. Concrete application of strategic mindset change is proposed and tested within automotive supply chain from the perspective of a 1st tier supplier´s procurement department.
In the field of transport, various types of initiatives are undertaken to improve the organization, operation and management of a given transport system. Initiatives aimed at improving the quality of urban transport through the purchase of low- and zero-emission rolling stock are important in this respect. An inherent element of such action is the planning process, which covers a wide range of issues, including technical and organizational solutions for the operation of means of transport, while taking into account environmental, economic and social factors. The article presents the planning process on the example of an electromobility initiative implemented in a selected urban area. The analysed process takes into account the description, feasibility, implementation, financing and evaluation of the project of purchasing electric means of transport for urban transport.
The issue of supply chain resilience is currently being raised in part because of the pandemic and the war between Ukraine and Russia, which have disrupted flows in the chemical supply chain. In the latest research available, one of the main options for strengthening supply chains is to shorten them. This could be reflected in the degree to which chains are used in the export and import of chemical industry products in Poland. There are scenarios that turn more towards the relocation of raw materials and recommend nearshoring and trading over shorter distances. This is important for the operation and management of the supply chain, as it would mean simpler and faster logistics operations. The purpose of the publication is to analyze the disruption of the chemical industry supply chain and analyze the construction of its resilience. On the other hand, the specialization of chemical industry products, the availability of resources and their price may make it impossible to shorten the chain in Poland. The purpose of the study is to analyze to what extent the crisis situations of recent years have affected the exchange of exports and imports of chemical industry products in Poland with selected countries. We used statistical methods based on time series analysis over the period 2017-2021. One of the conclusions of the study is that despite the crises, chemical supply chains have not shortened in terms of both value. It can be observed that in the post-pandemic period, there has been a change in the structure of chemical product supply chains. It remains an open question whether the changes in chemical supply chains are due to their changes in geographic location due to the disruption.
The article presents a stochastic approach to the assessment of the economic efficiency of the modernization of the shipping warehouse. The assessment is based on simulations carried out through a software tool. The evaluation process is implemented in two steps. First, the economic efficiency of the modernization project is evaluated using financial dynamic criteria. Subsequently, the riskiness of the input variables for the chosen dynamic financial criterion is assessed using the Monte Carlo simulation method.
Firms are constantly looking for effective ways to achieve and maintain a competitive advantage. High competition and ever-increasing customer expectations make finding an effective way to achieve an advantage over competitors an extremely difficult challenge. According to strategic management, one of the ways to achieve competitive advantage is through the success potentials of a company. The main premise of the firm's success potentials is to contribute to the achievement of competitive advantage through the achievement of specific success determinants, which are achievable on the basis of selected key success factors. The mentioned determinants of success are market and economic effects, while the key success factors consist of the strategic potential of the firm in the form of resources, capabilities and competencies of the firm.
In order for a firms to properly leverage its success potentials, it is crucial to identify and integrate them within specific functional areas. Due to the crucial importance of logistics in the functioning of modern firms, one of the basic success potentials of an firm with a stake in achieving competitive advantage is logistics success potentials, which consist of key success factors in the form of logistics resources, logistics capabilities and logistics competencies. The purpose of this article is to present the importance of logistics potentials in the context of achieving business success. In particular, the article presents:(1) the concept and importance of enterprise success potentials, (2) the basic factors and determinants of enterprise success, and (3) the issue of logistics potentials in achieving enterprise success.
This study mainly focuses on the comparison of energy needs, but also consumption itself, energy dependence on countries exporting energy commodities (for example Russia), energy logistics, development of renewable resources and brief simple future predictions in the time horizon 2-3 years. The study mainly focuses on the logistics (supply, transportation routes and storage) of important energy sources, such as electricity, natural gas, coal, nuclear power and of course renewable energy sources (RES) like biomass, wind, water and solar power and their utilization.
The article focuses on highlighting the possibilities of using educational robots in the creation of automated workplaces. As advancements in robotics and automation continue, simulating robotic workplaces has become an integral part of developing new production processes in various industries. To accurately model such workplaces, it is necessary to utilize educational robots that faithfully represent elements found in real manufacturing operations. The main objective of the presented contribution is to create a functional model of a robotized workplace in a laboratory environment using educational robots and their components. This model serves as a tangible and physical demonstration of logistics flows on a reduced scale.
Logistics requires continuous improvement to fully meet the needs of all supply chain entities. The solution may be the implementation of Blockchain technology operating on a Peer-to-Peer network, the task of which is to transmit and store data in a transparent, secure and decentralized manner. The aim of the publication is to obtain information on the current use of Blockchain technology in Polish logistics enterprises and to examine in which logistics systems it can play a key role. The theoretical part, based on Polish and foreign literature, presents a short history of the development of Blockchain technology, how it works, division into concept levels and classified according to the method of use. At a later stage, the sectors in which blockchain is currently used are listed and the most important advantages and disadvantages of this technology are given. The second chapter of the theoretical part presents modern concepts that may change the face of logistics in the near future. In a later phase, the focus was on Blockchain in logistics, pointing out the most important benefits of choosing such a solution. The last issue discussed in the theoretical part is the blockchain based on Blockchain technology.
To prepare the practical part, the results of a survey conducted among employees of Polish logistics companies were used. These results were analyzed and conclusions were drawn based on them.
Supply chain resilience is the general capability of a supply chain to return to its original performance after serious disruptions such as natural disasters, economic crises, political conflicts, or pandemic crises. The paper presents a conceptual framework for building supply chain resilience in the automotive industry. The framework is based on identifying specific business capabilities leading to increased car manufacturer’s supply chain resilience. The business capabilities were identified using a literature review and verified based on deep semi-structured interviews with logistics experts in Skoda Auto company. The framework consists of two main pillars - an efficient management and supplier collaboration. These pillars include six business capabilities in total. The capabilities are described and justified on the example of Skoda Auto's best practice in the paper.
The aim of this paper is to present the methodology of application of process mapping for identification of potential for improvement of business processes.The methodology will be presented on the case of optimization of service processes in the company SCANIA Czech Republic s.r.o. Continuous improvement of the efficiency of all business processes is a necessity for companies in the automotive aftersales sector. The pressure for efficiency is driven by the rise of sustainability, shortage of skilled labour on the labour market and ever increasing input prices among other factors. The proposed methodology will be presented using the case of optimization of service processes in SCANIA Czech Republic s.r.o. In the first phase, a thorough process map is developed using BPMN, which contains all the sub-processes including necessary documents, software used, responsible persons and the causation between the processes. In the second phase, barriers, waste and shortcomings in the current state with potential for improvement are identified. The identified shortcomings are linked in the process map to the sub-processes according to the place of emergence and the place of impact. Finally, measures are proposed to eliminate the gaps and achieve the desired future state. The proposed measures are evaluated in terms of the difficulty of implementation and potential benefits.
In the business environment, all activities designed for the future are closely linked to logistics in the broadest sense, making the ERP system an integral part of this connection. ERP presents itself as a sophisticated method for efficient management and also as software - an integrated information system that supports management. ERP is, therefore, a combination of several areas of knowledge, including economics and computer science. Over the decades, the architecture and level of functionality sophistication have evolved. Today's highly specialized ERP systems (second and third generation) cover nearly all logistical processes taking place within a given company. Its modularity ensures structured access to data and efficient company management. Individual modules are integrated with each other and operate within a single database. The final configuration of these systems is influenced by the manufacturers. The specific model and its subsequent adaptation in the implementation project determine the functional areas of the company that the system is intended to cover and the extent to which it reflects the given business reality. The subject of this research, an electrical wholesaler, uses Microsoft Dynamics NAV 2018 after an upgrade. The company's core business is distribution, and the system encompasses all processes related to purchasing and sales. Through ERP, employees plan procurement, handle orders, invoice customers, manage accounting, conduct inventory management, and oversee cash flow. The set of methods (methodology) is in the nature of a diagnostic survey. All the information collected with them was grouped together and, as a whole, was used to implement the survey. The information obtained made it possible to clarify the processes taking place in the warehouse and, in the case of the survey, to find out the preferences of the employees. The survey results indicate that the majority of users are satisfied with its performance, user-friendliness, and training. ERP integrates most of the company's processes and creates a cohesive environment. Without a management support system, the resulting information chaos could hinder the proper functioning of the enterprise.
The development of logistics embedded in economic sciences, especially in economics and management sciences, is seen since the mid-20th century. A tangible outcome of the development of logistics as a subdiscipline of economic sciences is its growing importance in the practice of business management. It concerns changes both in the internal and external conditions of business management. In the development of logistics there is a noticeable "shift" from logistics as a concept focused on the transformation of tasks and activities concerning the flow of goods, towards logistics perceived as an integrated concept of the flow management of materials, goods and information within the firm as well as the entire supply chain or even the entire supply network. The concept of logistics means a decision-making model comprising: strategic analysis, logistics goals, logistics strategies, and logistics tools. Such concept is associated with perceiving logistics in managerial terms. The importance of logistics as a concept of the flow management is growing. Logistics is one of the most important management tools that allows firms to achieve success and to build and maintain competitive advantage. The concept of logistics has a multidimensional impact on the business management system. The basic requirement for the concept of logistics, perceived as the management of materials, goods and information flow, is its integration into the entire business management system. This is already reflected in the definition of the firm mission, manifested in all stages of the logistics management process, in particular in the strategic analysis and logistics strategic planning.
Purpose: This paper defines prosumers role in circular supply chains. It develops a taxonomy of R-prosumers, their role in supply chains strategies development and it addresses how prosumers impact on supply chain R-strategies. It also confronts the business and consumers' perspectives on the circular economy R-strategies expectations and conditions of their implementation in practice in light of the value co-creation concept in Circular Economy (CE). Methodology: The analysis is based on the results of desk research, empirical studies conducted among companies and consumers in Poland in 2022 and 2023. Findings: The results indicate the still initial stage of the R-strategies use among both companies and consumers. Neither party seems strongly committed to closing the cycles. This demonstrates the continued need for their dissemination. Moreover, the actions taken by companies and consumers are not fully in line, which does not facilitate the CE transition. Despite its great potential the process of value co-creation seems to be underestimated. Originality and value: The results are unique as they allow for the confrontation between the approaches of companies and consumers. The available research tends to focus on one type of actor. Comparing the perspectives and expectations of these actors allows interesting conclusions and recommendations to be drawn on CE transition and effective value co-creation.
For small and medium-sized companies operating in engineering, producing quality and non-defective products is indispensable. In order to ensure the occurrence of such products, the management must regularly monitor its production process and set preventive measures to prevent problems. Preventive measures should focus on the causes of problems. Constructing a C-E diagram allows identifying the whole range of possible causes of a problem. These causes can then be traced back in the production process and focus on those with the most occurrences. Using the FMEA method, it is possible to identify the level of risk of individual causes and propose a procedure to prevent their occurrence. In the researched company producing sorting machines and lines, it was possible to identify many causes of insufficient surface treatment of products. Based on their occurrence in the last two years, the FMEA pointed out the high risk of lighting distribution in the hall and inconsistent human work.
The article deals with increasing the efficiency of logistics flows in a company that carries out its activities in the field of the development and production of turbochargers. The presented study contains an analysis of logistics activities and processes, an analysis of stock levels and inventory management, and an assessment of the effectiveness of the implemented information system in the selected NPI/New Product Introduction warehouse. The analysis of the processes resulted in specific outputs with the definition and evaluation of the shortcomings of the warehouse system that is implemented in the company, and possible variants of solving the identified problems was proposed, which will contribute to increasing the efficiency and effectiveness in the very process of storing and managing these special products in the company. As a result, the study presents the design of variants, the selection of the optimal one using selected decision-making methods and the introduction of a new warehouse system, which leads to the efficiency of the entire storage process in the NPI warehouse. The output of the study is also the implementation of the selected variant in industrial practice, which is declared by the processed project of introducing the selected variant.
A high standard of aftersale services is a prerequisite for competitiveness and long-term prosperity in the automotive industry worldwide. To achieve a high level of service processes, however, the right conditions need to be created and a multitude of tasks need to be successfully resolved. One of the most important tasks is to be able to identify waste and process bottlenecks that hinder the ability to perform all service processes flawlessly, flexibly and effectively. Moreover, the current global situation generating uncertainties in securing the necessary resources, whether it is material, personnel or energy, makes the topic of waste and its elimination even more important. The authors of this article have decided to use their practical experience to propose a conceptual framework for the continuous identification and subsequent elimination of waste with the possibility of using it as a standard tool in continuous improvement processes.
Auto catalysts that have been discussed hold significant amounts of platinum-group metals such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium, depending on the specific type of catalyst. This makes them a potential reservoir of these precious metals. This discussion aims to introduce individuals to catalysts in a broader context, including their historical significance and, importantly, the potential methods for extracting and utilizing these noble metals further. The article primarily delves into the theoretical aspects of processing spent catalysts, exploring both pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical techniques. Platinum-group metals (PGM) are exceptionally rare and notoriously difficult to acquire elements on our planet, presenting a significant risk of potential supply shortages. Despite this, their importance remains paramount for both the European Union (EU) and the automotive sector. It's important to note that not every catalyst used in the market can be effectively recycled, primarily due to the absence of these valuable metal components.
For transport companies that operate road freight transport, it is important to satisfy the needs of customers, but also to manage their vehicle fleet efficiently to achieve the highest possible profit. Because of this, it is necessary to regularly check the vehicle fleet and apply various measures to avoid unnecessary downtime of vehicles. The contribution contains an assessment of the vehicle fleet of a company that provides national and international transport services. The evaluation is carried out based on indicators of time and performance utilization of vehicles for the monitored period. Based on the obtained results, conclusions and recommendations are drawn for increasing the efficiency of the company's activities.
A corporate information system is a program consisting of a logical procedure which transforms input data to required output data. When establishing corporate information systems using structured methods, data and processes are segregated and then separately modelled. The article is oriented to the object-oriented approach which is based on the principle of combination of data and methods to ensure conformity between the model of the corporate information system and reality. The authors give priority to one of the modules in the context of logistics processes. The overall orientation of the structure and information system functionality depends on the strategic heading of the organisation. Within the planning of the information system, it is necessary to know such strategic objectives, as well as the business plan of the organisation which clearly defines the goals and strategies of the organisation. It is necessary to know the company’s spot and its aimed target. Such information affects the design and functionality of the information system which represents the starting point for the authors when processing the article.
The temporary external storage of Fully Build Units (FBU) is currently a standard part of the outbound logistics of many car manufacturing companies. This problem arises mainly from the contradiction between the significant disruptions of supply chains caused by, for example, COVID-19, the chip crisis, the Ukraine war, and the reluctance to lose the production capacity of the assembly lines and related manufacturing operations. To effectively manage the given process, selecting the location where the external storage will take place is vital. The aim of this article is to create a model based on multi-criteria decision-making, which will enable this selection.
Crisis situations are mass events independent of the threats causing them. In the current literature, we can find the term 'estimated population' for groups of more than 100 people. This term was created to simplify and unify all calculations and forecasts. Determining the needs of the population in crisis situations depends on several factors. First, on the number of affected people and the size of the area where they are located. Secondly, on the logistical potential of the authority or institution that has the responsibility for helping in the area of disaster. Planning for material needs in crisis situations is based on norms and standards related to the needs of affected people. The article presents the principles of material requirements planning crisis situation conditions. Types of standards and norms as well as methods for their development, implementation and improvement were presented, together with a description of the application of standards to determine the optimal size and structure of stocks.
Nowadays, in an era of fierce competition, the activities of business entities are not only limited to production, delivering products to the target market, but also to achieving the desired sales volume, maintaining proper relations with suppliers and customers. Close cooperation with suppliers in the supply process and with the distributor in the distribution process is required. Both supply and distribution are closely linked to the transport of materials, raw materials or finished goods. Without properly functioning transport, it is not possible to run any business. The organisation of the transport process has a significant impact on the logistics process, the fluidity of the logistics chains. Whether in warehouse management, production or finished goods transport, transport plays an overriding role. The aim of this study is to analyse and evaluate the process of order picking and transport to the point of destination using a selected example. This main objective required answering the following problem questions: - What is the organisation of internal and external transport in the company in question? - How is the picking process carried out in the company? - How is the transport of finished goods to customers organised? As a research method, selected indicators were used to measure the efficiency and quality of transport and picking. The data obtained made it possible to calculate external transport costs on a monthly and annual basis. The originality of the presented material is the development of a repair plan for the picking process and external transport on the basis of the obtained data.